In our parenting course we have been shown a variant of “Time Out” that is proving very successful. It sounds convuluted but once you get the steps it becomes second-nature.
These are the steps and there’s a worked example under the jump:
1. Short Reason + Clear Direction
2. Acknowledge Feelings
3. Choice (1st chance)
4. Wait 2-3 minutes; ask for Decision
5. Choice (2nd chance)
6. Wait 2-3 minutes; ask for Decision
7. Consequence
This is heading off most of our issues by about Step 4.
TIME OUT EXAMPLE
Issue: James has a crisis every time John goes away for work and refuses to speak to him on the phone. If I insist, it escalates to tantrum-like behaviour. I wanted to stop this behaviour.
1. Short Reason + Clear Direction
“Daddy misses you and wants to talk to you; it’s time to talk to Daddy on the phone now.”
Speak confidently and be in control. If they do what you want immediately, praise them: “that was a smart choice: well done!”
2. Acknowledge Feelings
“I know it’s really, really hard to stop in the middle of a game. But it’s time to talk to Daddy now.”
Keep reflecting feelings for a bit if they start talking angrily etc. “Yes, I know it makes you really angry, it’s really hard to stop playing, isn’t it. But it makes Daddy very happy to hear your voice, so we need to stop playing just for a moment.”
3. Choice (1st chance)
Speak in a normal voice, be calm and in control. This is meant to sound fair and reasonable, not like an ultimatum.
“OK, here’s your choice. You can either talk to Daddy OR we will have to put the toys away. It’s your choice. You have a think about it and let me know what you decide.” WALK AWAY!
The crucial thing is that the first “choice” is the outcome you want to achieve; the second “choice” is not really a choice, it is a consequence. Often it might be going to sit in the Time Out Chair or it could be a natural consequence relevant to the situation, like losing a toy.
4. Wait 1-2 minutes; ask for Decision
Sometimes at this point they immediately see the logic and do what you want (praise them immediately for making a “smart choice”.) Other times they need TIME to get over the angry feelings and start to reason. This is something to do with the frontal lobe being flooded with adrenhaline and cortisol, which makes it impossible for them to reason. So wait a few minutes. Then ask:
“What did you decide? Will you talk to Daddy OR will you choose to lose the toy?”
5. Choice (2nd chance)
If they still haven’t complied, or don’t respond:
“OK, this is your Second Chance. This is what the choice was: you can either talk to Daddy on the phone OR you will have to lose the toy. It’s your choice. You have a think about it and let me know what you decide.” WALK AWAY!
6. Wait 1-2 minutes; ask for Decision
As above at Step 4.
7. Consequence
If the consequence is Time Out Chair, lead them there quietly. Ideally, they are allowed off the chair when they are ready to “make a smart choice” (i.e. do what you first asked). If the consequence was removal of a toy, they are allowed to have it back if they then relent and “make a smart choice” (i .e. do what you first asked).
If screaming mayhem results when you try to apply the consequence (i.e. they refuse Time Out), it is fine to tell them you will be back in 5 mins and just leave the room. It is also fine (indeed: recommended) that you apply the consequence later if they are hysterical. You can wait 30 minutes if need be, if a child is out of control. When they (and you!) are calm, apply the consequence then.
I don’t know what age you can start this method, but it works really well at this age (just over 4).